Postdoctoral studies

This is a stage in a scientific career that involves continuing research under the guidance of a more experienced scientist after completing a doctoral program.

The postdoctoral program allows the University to attract the most talented young researchers on a competitive basis to conduct promising scientific research.

Since 2022, the Science Committee of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan has been conducting a competition for grant funding of fundamental and applied research for young scientists – postdoctoral fellows, under the «Zhas Galym» project.

Advantages of Postdoctoral Studies

  1. Broadening and deepening knowledge, conducting original research.
  2. Publications and scientific recognition.
  3. Acquiring experience and skills that will be valuable in future academic or scientific careers.
  4. Developing leadership qualities. Potentially leading younger researchers (master's students, doctoral students) or organizing scientific schools.
  5. Preparing for future careers, such as a professorship or research leadership.
  6. Strengthening professional connections.

Postdoctoral Regulations

Research Topics of Postdoctoral Fellows

Development of a New Medicinal Product Based on Steppe Sage Extract

AR19174551

Goal: Development of the composition, technology, and standardization of tablets based on biologically active substances from steppe sage in accordance with ICH Q8 Pharmaceutical Development.

Relevance

One of the key directions in improving the efficiency, quality, and safety of pharmaceuticals is the use of economically viable types of natural raw materials. The territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan is home to a large number of plants, including medicinal ones. Species of the genus Salvia L. (Sage) are of great interest for practical use in medicine.

Currently, 8 species of the genus Salvia grow in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Sage (Salvia officinalis) is included in the State Pharmacopoeia of the Republic of Kazakhstan. However, other species of the genus Salvia L. are still insufficiently studied and underutilized for medical purposes. For example, steppe sage (Salvia stepposa Des.-shost.) grows throughout most of Kazakhstan, but its chemical composition remains unexplored.

An analysis of Salvia-based plant preparations on the modern market in Kazakhstan has shown that their range, depending on pharmacological action, is quite limited. Therefore, the study of steppe sage as a promising plant material for the production of domestic medicines underscores the relevance and practical significance of this project for the pharmaceutical industry.

Expected results

This work will yield ultrasonic and microwave extracts, develop technology for obtaining tablets based on the dry extract of steppe sage leaves, and assess the antibacterial, anti-radical, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities of the extracts and tablets produced from them.

Levaya Yana Konstantinovna is the project manager.

  1. Scopus ID: 57208859362 https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=57208859362
  2. Researcher ID: CAF-3424-2022, https://www.webofscience.com/wos/author/record/CAF-3424-2022
  3. ORCID: 0000-0003-1974-2701, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1974-2701

Gayane Abdulkakhimovna Atazhanova is a scientific consultant.

  1. Scopus ID: 6602763191 https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=6602763191
  2. Researcher ID: AFJ-9349-2022, https://www.webofscience.com/wos/author/record/3687001
  3. ORCID: 0000-0003-1615-9967, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1615-9967

Diagnostic characteristics of steppe sage have been identified at the macro- and microscopic levels. Histochemical analysis has determined the main groups of secondary metabolites in the aerial parts of steppe sage. Quality parameters and raw material standards have been established. A total of 30 extracts of steppe sage were obtained using percolation, ultrasonic, and microwave extraction methods with various solvents (water and hydroalcoholic solutions), extraction parameters were determined, and the component composition of the extracts was identified using TLC and HPLC-UV methods.

The international significance of this work lies in the use of modern methods for obtaining biologically active substances from steppe sage, which grows in the Republic of Kazakhstan, with practical value, namely microwave and ultrasonic methods of activating reactions. This will undoubtedly influence the development of science and technology in Kazakhstan.

The innovative and competitive advantage of this work is related to the development and implementation of an import substitution system for vital pharmaceutical products in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The use of modern technology in the creation of new pharmacologically active substances will significantly increase productivity and reduce costs.

Scientific publications within the project:
  1. Yana К. Levaya, Gayane А. Atazhanova, Тomas Kacergius, Svetlana А. Ivasenko, Alexandr B. Marchenko, Margarita Yu Ishmuratova & Мarlen К. Smagulov (2023) Salvia dumetorum essential oil: GC-MS analysis, antibacterial activity and effect on the formation of Streptococcus mutans biofilms, Natural Product Research, https://doi.org/ 10.1080/14786419.2023.2256019
Development of a new wound healing, antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent based on terrestrial organs of Prunella vulgaris L.

AP15473381

Objective: Development of a new wound healing, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory agent based on the aerial parts of *Prunella vulgaris* L.

Relevance

Thermal trauma is an acute wound caused by exposure to high temperatures and chemicals. Each year, there are 18.1 cases of burn injuries requiring hospitalization per 100,000 people. Burn wounds are associated with a significant risk of mortality as well as severe physical, functional, and mental consequences for survivors. Wound healing is a complex process involving numerous epithelial and stromal tissue elements interacting to repair the damaged tissue.

Currently, several synthetic wound treatment drugs are available on the market, but they also cause serious allergic reactions and drug resistance (to some bacterial infections), prompting scientists to focus on natural remedies with few or no side effects. Several studies have shown that plant extracts, rich in phytochemicals such as phenolic acids, flavonoids, triterpenes, alkaloids, and tannins, offer potential solutions.

Prunella vulgaris L. (Lamiaceae) is a perennial herb traditionally used in medicine. It has a long history of therapeutic use as a febrifuge and is a primary component in Chinese herbal drinks. P. vulgaris L. has been used for patients with goiter, dermatitis, and skin allergies, exhibiting antioxidant, anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities. Some studies have also demonstrated its usefulness in treating atopic dermatitis and providing photoprotection.

Phytochemical studies show that P. vulgaris L. is rich in phenolic substances, such as rosmarinic, ellagic, ursolic, and caffeic acids, as well as flavonoids (quercetin), saponins, and triterpenes. Rosmarinic acid, the main phenolic acid, is known for its wide biological activity. Ursolic acid has been described as an effective inhibitor of UVA-modulated expression, which is a visible marker of tissue damage.

Therefore, this study is designed to test the wound-healing activity of P. vulgaris L. extract, attributed to its various phenolic compounds with antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties, in a thermally injured rat model.

Expected results

  1. Optimal formulations of the wound-healing, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory agent with the extract of Prunella vulgaris will be developed. Samples of the wound-healing agent will be produced for studies of antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activities.
  2. The effectiveness of the soft medicinal form will be proven based on wound healing activity in a thermal burn model and anti-inflammatory activity in carrageenan-induced edema and acetic acid-induced writhing tests. Acute toxicity studies of the wound-healing agent will be conducted in vivo.
  3. Technologies for producing the wound-healing agent with the extract of Prunella vulgaris will be developed.
  4. Quality indicators will be developed, and the wound-healing agent will be standardized.

Zholdasbayev Musa Erkinovich-head of the project.

  1. Scopus ID: 57443540800 https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=57443540800
  2. Researcher ID: GZA-7632-2022, https://www.webofscience.com/wos/author/record/GZA-7632-2022
  3. ORCID: 0000-0001-5827-9831, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5827-9831

Gayane Abdulkakhimovna Atazhanova is a scientific consultant.

  1. Scopus ID: 6602763191 https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=6602763191
  2. Researcher ID: AFJ-9349-2022, https://www.webofscience.com/wos/author/record/3687001
  3. ORCID: 0000-0003-1615-9967, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1615-9967

Ultrasonic extracts of plant raw materials were obtained. To determine the optimal conditions for extracting compounds from *Prunella vulgaris*, water and 30%, 50%, 70%, and 90% aqueous ethanol solutions were selected as solvents, with a 1:10 ratio to the raw material. Extraction conditions were intensified using ultrasound at a frequency of 40 kHz. The exposure time was 30 minutes, and the temperature was maintained at 20-22 oC.

Optimal formulations of the wound-healing agent based on *Prunella vulgaris* extract at a concentration of 50 mg/ml were developed, containing carbopol and Na-CMC. In the development of the optimal composition, the technology for obtaining the wound-healing agent, and the technological regulations for its production, GMP, QMS, GOST, and other regulatory documents applicable in Kazakhstan were used.

Experimental samples of the wound-healing agent were produced to investigate its wound-healing, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects. Six experimental samples were developed.

Information for potential users (application areas, target audience for research findings)

One of the priority areas for the development of science and the pharmaceutical industry in Kazakhstan is to find ways to more effectively use its own wild and cultivated plant resources to create original phytopreparations at an affordable price, while not compromising on quality compared to competing products.

Additionally, the Project's implementation will contribute to:

  • On a national scale, contribute to the scientific development of young researchers, advancing their academic careers by publishing scientific results in high-ranking journals and presenting research findings at international conferences;
  • On an international scale, expand Kazakhstan's opportunities for equal scientific cooperation in the development and analysis of phytopreparations with wound-healing, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects.

It is anticipated that the wound-healing agent being developed will be highly effective while maintaining moderate production costs, which meets the needs of underprivileged groups and enhances the protection of citizens in Kazakhstan by contributing to public health, creating new jobs during the project implementation, and improving the qualifications of young specialists.

Scientific publications within the framework of the project:
  1. Zholdasbayev, M.E.; Atazhanova, G.A.; Musozoda, S.; Poleszak, E. Prunella vulgaris L.: An Updated Overview of Botany, Chemical Composition, Extraction Methods, and Biological Activities. Pharmaceuticals 2023, 16, 1106. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph16081106
Development of a new dental environment based on Origanum vulgare L.

AP14971364

Objective: Development of a new dental product based on Origanum vulgare L. in accordance with ICH Q8 Pharmaceutical Development.

Relevance

In recent years, people have become more concerned about the side effects of fluoride toothpaste, which has increased interest in plant products as an alternative in the fight against caries. Dental caries is a disease most often caused by high levels of caries-causing bacteria, particularly Streptococcus mutans, which form a biofilm that leads to plaque formation.

In dentistry, herbal extracts are often used due to their high anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, as well as their roles as antioxidants, antiseptics, analgesics, antifungal, antibacterial, and antiviral agents.

Recent studies have shown the effectiveness of natural remedies for the prevention and treatment of oral diseases, specifically against dental plaque and caries. The use of medicinal herbs for therapeutic purposes is gaining momentum worldwide. Oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) from the Lamiaceae family is a well-known plant for its antibacterial, antiparasitic, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antifungal properties.

In modern pharmaceutical and dental practice, a pressing issue is the creation of new effective treatments for acute and chronic oral pathologies. Drug forms such as gels and ointments with antibacterial and anti-inflammatory actions are often used. They have a prolonged effect, simple technique, and are convenient to use. Gels combine the properties of a solid substance and liquid, making them highly effective for applications; due to the formation of aqueous internal structures, they can include chemically incompatible substances.

Compared to creams and ointments, gels have a significant advantage in local application to pathological areas, as they provide faster release of the medication directly to the site of action. Due to the porous nature of teeth, gels are considered the best means for treating all types of dental conditions.

This study will assess the activity of essential oil from Origanum vulgare L. against the formation of biofilms of S. mutans, develop an anti-caries gel containing extract and essential oil of oregano, and subsequently determine its antimicrobial activity in vitro.

Expected Results

  1. Optimal compositions of the dental gel with essential oil and extract of oregano will be developed. Samples of the gel will be prepared for research on anti-caries effect and antibacterial action.
  2. The effectiveness of the dental gel will be demonstrated based on the results of studying the inhibition of biofilm formation by Streptococcus mutans (anti-caries effect) and its antibacterial activity. An acute toxicity study of the dental gel will be conducted in vivo.
  3. Technologies for producing the dental gel with essential oil and extract of oregano will be developed.
  4. Quality indicators will be developed and the dental gel will be standardized.

Karakoz Zailovna Badikova - PhD, project manager.

  1. Scopus ID: 57225022713
  2. Researcher ID: ABC-8591-2020
  3. ORCID: 0000-0003-2736-8633

Gayane Abdulkakhimovna Atazhanova is a scientific consultant.

  1. Scopus ID: 6602763191 https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=6602763191
  2. Researcher ID: AFJ-9349-2022, https://www.webofscience.com/wos/author/record/3687001
  3. ORCID: 0000-0003-1615-9967, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1615-9967
  1. Ultrasonic extracts of plant raw materials have been obtained. Optimal compositions of the dental gel with essential oil and extract of oregano have been developed in various concentrations.
  2. Experimental samples of the dental gel have been prepared for research on anti-caries effects and antibacterial action.
  3. Results of the studied anti-caries and antibacterial actions of the experimental samples of the dental gel have been obtained. One article has been published in a peer-reviewed scientific journal related to the project's scientific direction, which is in the second quartile in the Scopus database (64%).

Biomedical materials, biologically active substances, biological and medical preparations. Medicine and healthcare, general medicine, pharmacology, and pharmacy.

Scientific publications within the project:
  1. Influence of Essential Oils on the Formation of Streptococcus mutans Biofilms - Research J. Pharm. and Tech. - 2022.– Vol. 15(11). - P. 4959 – 4966 (Q-2, 58%)
  2. Essential oils of plants as potential sources of anti-caries agents - Proceedings of the XI International Scientific Practical Conference "PRIORITIES OF PHARMACY AND DENTISTRY: FROM THEORY TO PRACTICE," dedicated to issues of coordination of education, science, and practice in the field of biological safety in the Republic of Kazakhstan and communications on educational, research, and practical issues of the pharmaceutical and dental sectors. KazNMU named after S.D. Asfendiyarov, Almaty. – 2022. - P. 149-150.
  3. Study of the chemical composition of essential oil of representatives of the genus Origanum L., growing in Kazakhstan - "Actual problems of ecology": Materials of the XV International Scientific Practical Conference. – Karaganda, KarU State Publishing House, 2023. – P. 19-23.
  4. Acute Toxicity of Dental Gel Based on Origanum vulgare in Mice - Journal of Toxicology, vol. 2023, Article ID 6691694, 2023 (Q2, 64%).
Development of a technology for a plant-based medicinal product with anti-tumor activity against human prostate cancer cell line PC-3

AP14972772

Objective: Development of a method and technology for obtaining a medicinal product based on a sum of biologically active substances from creeping thyme (Thymus crebrifolius Klok.), studying its anti-tumor activity against human prostate cancer cells PC-3, and investigating the molecular mechanisms of its action.

Relevance

Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the most common malignant diseases in men. Over 550,000 new cases of PC are registered worldwide each year. Therefore, increasing attention is being paid, both abroad and in Kazakhstan, to the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of this pathology. This includes considering the possibility of using phytotherapy for the treatment and prevention of PC. Given the significant economic costs associated with treating this condition, as well as the disability of the male population, there is a growing focus on diagnosing, treating, and preventing this pathology, including the potential application of phytotherapy for prostate cancer treatment and prevention.

The potential of using phytotherapeutic agents for the treatment and prevention of oncological diseases is far from fully realized, and research into the anti-tumor properties of plants continues. New drugs based on biologically active substances extracted from plant materials are created annually, and new data on the anti-tumor activity of well-known medicinal plants are also published.

Considering the above, the development of a method and technology for obtaining a medicinal product based on a sum of biologically active substances from creeping thyme, studying its anti-tumor activity against human prostate cancer cells PC-3, and investigating the molecular mechanisms of its action is an important and relevant task.

D.B. Okasov is a postdoctoral fellow, graduated from the PhD program in the specialty 6D074800 - "Technology of pharmaceutical production".

  1. ORCID: 0000-0002-15759277
  2. Scopus Author ID: 57541374300

Ivasenko S.A. – Doctor of Pharmaceutical Sciences in the following specialties: 15.00.01 – "Drug technology and organization of pharmaceutical business" and 15.00.02 – "Pharmaceutical chemistry, pharmacognosy", Professor.

  1. The Hirsch index: Web of Science - 3
  2. Scopus: 5
  3. РИНЦ: 6
  4. ORCID: 0000-0003-3074-5719
  5. Scopus Author ID: 6506096984
  1. It was established that the dry aqueous extract of creeping thyme sample No. 3 showed the best anti-tumor effect against the PC3 cell line while not affecting the viability of healthy cells.
  2. It was found that the dry aqueous extract of creeping thyme demonstrated the most effective radical-scavenging activity.
  3. According to the results of the anti-inflammatory activity, all extracts at a dose of 25 mg/kg exhibited anti-inflammatory effects.
  4. A technology for obtaining dry aqueous extract of creeping thyme was developed and implemented at the Institute of Life Sciences of the National Agrarian Research University "КМУ".
  5. A laboratory regulation for the production of dry aqueous extract of creeping thyme—an anti-tumor medicinal product—was developed, formalized, and approved for the first time (LR-005491-MK-05-23).
  6. A draft regulatory document (RD) regulating the quality of dry aqueous extract of creeping thyme was developed for the first time.
  7. Applications for patents were submitted:
    1. Application No. 197392 for RK patent on invention dated 07.03.2023. Method for obtaining a substance with cytotoxic action // Ivashenko S.A., Okasov D.B., Atazhanova G.A., Edilbaeva T.T.
    2. Application No. 201002 for the Eurasian patent on invention, application registration number 2023/020 dated 24.03.2023. Method for obtaining a substance with cytotoxic action // Ivashenko S.A., Okasov D.B., Atazhanova G.A., Edilbaeva T.T.

The fields of application of the research results include: pharmaceutical production technology, pharmacy.